8:30
- 10:00 Antonio Azuela, Woodburn 218
"Social & Environmental Consequences
of the Mexican Reforms"
Approximately 80 percent of the
forest cover left in Mexico exist on communal properties known as ejidos.
Established in the aftermath of the revolution (1910-7), ejidos became
the principal legacy of agrarian reform. Though the best agricultural land
became parcelized among members of ejidos, much of the forest, especially
that on mountainous, less arable land, became a de facto commons that exists
to this day.
This talk provides an overview of ejidos---how
they work and their impact on the landscape. It also discusses how ejidos,
as a result of decentralization of Mexican politics, are emerging as key
actors in the management of Mexican forests.
Readings:
Key, N. et al. 1998. Social and Environmental Consequences
of the Mexican Reforms: Common Pool Resources in the Ejido Sector.
10:00
- 10:20 Break
10:20
- 12:30 Clark Gibson and Fabrice Lehoucq, Woodburn 218
"Linking National and Local Levels of Analysis"
The most important arena between the local and global levels
of analysis is national in scope. It is dominated by governments and the
actions of public and private agents. As countless studies indicate, state
vpolicies in the developing world create incentives for individuals,
companies,
and communities to destroy their forests. But, the mechanisms by which
they do so are not entirely clear. This talk aims to bridge the gap between
local and national levels of analysis by presenting a general model of
why public authorities in developing countries enact environmentally destructive
policies. It offers some stylized facts about states in the developing
world and some theoretical principles about how governments interact with
voters, bureaucrats, parties, and interest groups. By showing how economic
interests interact with institutions at the national level, it also suggests
how national policy may nevertheless lead to different outcomes at the
local level.
Readings:
Ames, Barry and Keck, Margaret E. (Winter 1997-98). The Politics
of Sustainable Development: Environmental Policy Making in Four Brazilian
States. Journal of Interamerican Studies & World Affairs, 39:4.
Silva, Eduardo. 1997. The Politics of Sustainable Development: Native
Forest Policy in Chile, Venezuela, Costa Rica and Mexico. Journal of
Latin American Studies, 29:457-493.
Turner, Paul W. 1998. "Constitutional Order & Deforestation: An
Analysis of the Humid Tropics." Chapters 4-6. Unpublished doctoral dissertation,
Indiana University, Bloomington, IN (selected chapters).
12:30
- 2:00 Lunch
2:00
- 3:00 Glen Green, Student Bldg. 140
"Radiometric Calibration"
By converting raw Landsat satellite
image Digital Numbers (DNs) to the surface reflectance values, radiometric
calibration permits the comparison of satellite data across time, space,
and wavelength, an essential element in monitoring global environmental
change. These calibrated data can then also be compared to physical measures
from other disciplines.
Readings:
Green, G. 1998. Absorption and
Scattering Notes.
USGS. 1998. HELP: Landsat (TM), for the web
site: Click here.
Green G., C. Schweik, and M. Hanson. 1999.
Draft: Radiometric Calibration of Landsat MultiSpectral Scanner and Thematic
Mapper Images: Guidelines for the Global Change Community. Submitted to
Photogrametric
Engineering and Remote Sensing.
3:00
- 5:00 Glen Green, ACT
Lab: "Radiometric Calibration"
This lab will present hands-on
procedures for calibrating Landsat satellite data using image-processing
shareware for the PC platform.
8:30
- 10:00 David Dodds, Woodburn 218
"Population and Environmental
Change"
Readings:
Jolly, C. 1994. Four Theories
of Population Change and the Environment. Population and Environment
16(1): 61-90.
Pebley, A. 1998. Demography and the Environment.
Demography
35(4): 377-89.
Rudel, T. 1989. Population, Development,
and Tropical Deforestation: A Cross-National Study. Rural Sociology
54(3): 327-38.
Bilsborrow, R. and H.W.O. Okoth Ogendo.
1992. Population-Driven Changes in Land Use in Developing Countries. Ambio
21(1): 37-45.
Dodds, D. 1998. Population Growth and Forest
cover Change in the Rio Platano Biosphere Reserve, Honduras. CIPEC Working
Paper.
10:00
- 10:20 Break
10:20
- 12:30 Glen Green, Woodburn 218
Lecture and 3-D Slide Show: "Forest
Structure and Remote Sensing"
Establishing the physical basis
for satellite-derived reflectance values is essential for global change
studies. In this lecture we examine several key forest biophysical phenomena:
leaf area index, leaf morphology, and monolayer/multilayer leaf distribution
strategies. These ecological sensitive parameters can then be related to
satellite-derived reflectance values. A 3-D slide show will show these
concepts using examples from temperate deciduous and tropical wet and dry
forests.
Readings:
Arvidson, R.I. et al. 1993. Geological
Mapping Using Landsat Thematic Mapper Data Over Oak-Hickory Forest, Arctic,
and Hyperarid Terrains. In Remote Geochemical Analysis: Elemental and
Mineralogical Composition (Pieters and Englert, eds.), Cambridge University
Press.
12:30
- 2:00 Lunch
2:00
- 5:00 Laura Carlson, Hoot Woods
Visit to Old Growth Forest Site,
Hoot Woods. Meet at CIPEC circle drive.
8:30
- 10:00 Clark Gibson and Fabrice Lehoucq, Woodburn 218
"Property Rights and Forest Conditions"
This talk examines the relationship
between property rights and forest conditions by comparing privately-held
and communal forests in the dry tropical forests of eastern Guatemala.
We aim to evaluate the impact of formal tenure regimes on forest conditions
by looking at two forests located on private property and three located
on common property. And, we measure forest conditions by identifying the
density and basal area for trees and saplings from a stratified, random
sample of 151 plots we took in July-August 1998.
We suggest that formal property rights
are not a good predictor of the conditions of forests in this area of Guatemala.
What does a much better job of explaining their variation is the nature
of local institutions or "rules-in-use." Following other institutionalists
(e.g., see North, 1990; Ostrom and Crawford, 1995), we define institutions
as rules that proscribe what is and what is not permissible. We contend
that the overall conditions of the forest are best explained by understanding
how the largely informal rules about how an when locals can use forests
and, most importantly, whether constraints on individual action are enforced.
Readings:
Gibson, C., F. Lehoucq, and J.
Williams. 1999. Does Tenure Matter? Property Rights and Forest Conditions
in Eastern Guatemala.
10:00
- 10:20 Break
10:20
- 12:30 Glen Green, ACT
"Remote Sensing and Global Change"
This lecture shows multiple examples
of how remote sensing technologies can be applied to studyng Global Environmental
Change. Landsat images and aerial photographs are used to map and monitor
anthropogenic change of vegetation in several forest types.
Readings:
Sussman, R.W., G. Green, and L.K.
Sussman. 1994. Satellite Imagery, Human Ecology, Anthropology, and Deforestation
in Madagascar. Human Ecology Vol. 22, pp. 333-54.
Green, G. and R. Sussman. 1990. Deforestation
History of the Eastern Rain Forests of Madagascar from Satellite Images.
Science
Vol. 248, pp. 212-15.
12:30
- 2:00 Lunch
2:00
- 300 Glen Green, Student Bldg. 140
"Multi-Temporal Image Analysis"
Remote sensing can be a powerful tool in studying land cover
change when combined with other disciplines by providing both spatial and
temporal information at multiple scales.
Readings:
Schweik, C. and G. Green. 1999. The Use of Spectral Mixture
Analysis to Study Human Incentives, Actions, and Environmental Outcomes.
Social
Science Computer Review Vol. 17, pp. 40-63.
Adams, J.B., M.O. Smith, and A.R. Gillespie. 1993. Imaging Spectroscopy:
Interpretation Based on Spectral Mixture Analysis. In Remote Geochemical
Analysis: Elemental and Mineralogical Composition (Pieters and Englert,
eds.), Cambridge University Press.
3:00
- 5:00 Glen Green, ACT
Lab: "Multi-Temporal Image Analysis"
In this lab, we will examine a 3 date Landsat MultiSpectral
Scanner (MSS) time series using several change detection methodologies.
These procedures provide simple methods for quickly assessing the temporal
change information content of a 3-date Landsat image series. This quick
assessment is vital when examining potential Global Change Research proposals
by giving the user a rapid means of determining the major temporal trends
in the image series.
8:30
- 10:00 Emilio Moran, Woodburn 218
"LUCC"
The Land Use and Land Cover Change (LUCC) Project is a Programme
Element of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) and the
International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change
(IHDP).
This Core Project is an interdisciplinary programme aimed at improving
the understanding of the land use and land cover change dynamics and their
relationships with the global environmental change. From its inception
the planning and implementation of the project has actively engaged both
the physical and social science communities, and this will continue to
be an important modus operandi in the future.
Readings:
What is LUCC?
10:00
- 10:20 Break
10:20
- 12:30 EVALUATIONS, Woodburn 218
12:30
- 2:00 Lunch
2:00
- 5:00 David Dodds, Woodburn 218
"Quantitative Analysis of Population"
Readings:
Newell, C. 1988. Methods and Materials in Demography.
New York: The Guilford Press. Chapter 1 Introduction, Chapter 2 Data Collection.
6:30 Catered Dinner at IMU Federal Room
8:30
- 10:00 Elinor Ostrom, Woodburn 218
"Putting the Separate Parts Together"
We will do an evaluation in this session as well as a general
discussion of all of the methods presented during the previous three weeks
and how they can be used by scholars from diverse social, biological, and
physical sciences.
Readings:
IFRI Organizational Inventory & Interorganizational Arrangements
and Site Overview Guidelines/Forms
Ostrom, E. 1998. A Behavioral Approach to the Rational Choice Theory
of Collective Action. American Political Science Review, 92(1):1-22.
10:00
- 10:20 Break
10:20
- 12:30 Emilio Moran, Woodburn 218
"Global Change Research Priorities and CIPEC Methodologies"
Future directions in HDGC research and the contributions of
CIPEC methodology will be considered. Participants will have the opportunity
to discuss their own research as it relates to HDGC, and how the methodologies
presented during the Summer Institute may be useful for their work.
12:30
- 2:00 Lunch
2:00
- 5:00 Elinor Ostrom and Emilio Moran, Woodburn 218
Summary, comments and discussion of the last three weeks.
408 North Indiana Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47408-3799
Phone: (812) 855-2230
TDD: (812) 855-7654
Fax: (812) 855-2634
Last Updated: April 04, 2004
Comments: cipec@indiana.edu
Copyright
2004, The Trustees of Indiana
University.
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